In 2014, a wave of anti-incumbency swept across India, propelling Narendra Modi and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) to a decisive victory. Citizens, disillusioned by the corruption scandals and perceived inefficiencies of the United Progressive Alliance (UPA), turned out in large numbers to oust a decade-long regime. Modi’s promise of development and good governance resonated with a populace hungry for change.
Fast forward to 2024, despite the Modi-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA) delivering numerous high-profile initiatives like Startup India, Atmanirbhar Bharat, Smart Cities, and Make in India, as well as fulfilling the long-standing promise of the Ram Temple in Ayodhya, the BJP failed to secure the 272-seat majority, falling short by 40 seats. This begs the question: why did the electorate, especially in pivotal regions like Ayodhya, turn away from a party that seemed to have delivered on many of its promises?
The Disconnect with Young Voters
One significant factor in this electoral shift is the changing demographic landscape of India. With over 18.5 million first-time voters aged 18-19 and a substantial portion of the electorate under 30, the aspirations and expectations of young Indians are vastly different from those of previous generations. This demographic, born into a rapidly globalizing world and exposed to diverse perspectives through the internet and social media, is less interested in traditional caste and religion-based politics. Instead, their focus is on tangible issues that directly impact their futures: employment, economic stability, inflation control, and merit-based opportunities.
Employment and Economic Concerns
The promise of job creation has been a cornerstone of Modi’s electoral promises. Initiatives like Make in India and Startup India aimed to foster entrepreneurship and generate employment. However, the implementation and impact of these programs have been uneven. Many young voters feel that the job market remains challenging, with high competition and insufficient opportunities matching their qualifications. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated these issues, leading to widespread economic disruption and further straining job prospects.
Inflation and Cost of Living
Inflation is another critical concern for young voters. Rising prices of essential goods and services have strained household budgets, making daily life more difficult for many. While macroeconomic factors contribute to inflation, the government’s economic policies and their effectiveness in managing these pressures are under scrutiny. Young voters, who often manage tight budgets while starting their careers, are particularly sensitive to these economic challenges.
The Reservation Debate
The reservation system in India, intended to address historical injustices and provide opportunities for underprivileged communities, remains a contentious issue. Many young voters advocate for a merit-based system, feeling that reservation policies sometimes impede their chances for education and employment. The BJP’s stance on this issue, coupled with its broader socio-political agenda, may not align with the aspirations of this demographic.
Hindutva and Social Cohesion
While Hindutva has been a rallying point for BJP’s core supporters, it appears to resonate less with the younger, more cosmopolitan voters. This demographic is more likely to prioritize inclusive policies that foster social cohesion and national unity over religious and caste-based agendas. The recent electoral results suggest that a significant portion of young voters may perceive the BJP’s emphasis on Hindutva as divisive, detracting from pressing economic and social issues.
A Call for Real Change
The 2024 election results are a clear signal that the BJP needs to recalibrate its strategy. Young voters are looking for a government that addresses their real-world concerns with actionable solutions. Employment generation, inflation control, educational reforms, and a merit-based system are at the forefront of their priorities. The BJP must transition from symbolic victories and ideological rhetoric to substantive policies that deliver measurable improvements in the lives of everyday Indians.
Conclusion
The decline in Brand Modi's appeal among a significant portion of the electorate, particularly young voters, highlights a critical juncture for the BJP. To regain its footing, the party must listen to the voices of the younger generation and pivot towards addressing their genuine needs and aspirations. The era of relying solely on ideological and identity politics is waning, and the demand for practical, inclusive governance is rising. It is high time for the NDA to reflect, reassess, and take bold steps towards real change, ensuring that the promise of development and good governance is not just rhetoric but a lived reality for all Indians.